The rapidly increasing population in Kuwait has created shortages of housing, congestion and environmental pollution in the Kuwait Metropolitan Area (KMA). Therefore, the management of the population is essential to address this problem. According to a published population projection; the population of Kuwait will reach 5.3 million in 2030. The review recommends that 2.8 million should be accommodated in the KMA, while 2.57 million should be relocated in new urban settlements outside of the KMA for proper distribution of population and resources. The government considers that the rapidly increasing number of expatriate workers is not sustainable. The Third Kuwait Master Plan Review 2005 aimed at achieving the population size of about 40% Kuwaiti and 60% non-Kuwaiti by 2030. Urban development requires an educated and skilled workforce. There are public and private education institutions that provide education to the students in Kuwait, but it still needs further development to meet the market demand. The Constitution of Kuwait provides right of every married couple to get a house from the government. As of September 2016, the Public Authority for Housing Welfare constructed and transferred 26,308 houses, 834 apartments and 26,874 housing plots in the country. However, more than 102,000 families are currently on the waiting list for the allocation of house, apartment or housing plot. Each year, there are over 8,000 new applicants for housing. Thus, it has become very difficult for the government to provide a house, an apartment or housing plots within a short period of time. The rural sector in Kuwait is too small. The challenges are a shortage of cultivable land, water and educated labor force for introducing improved agricultural technology for dryland agriculture, urban agriculture and aquaculture.