This paper is one of nine drafted by national entities in Ukraine as part of a UN-Habitat-commissioned collection entitled Thematic Paper Series Informing Urban Recovery Approaches in Ukraine. The paper examines how Ukraine’s housing system has evolved from its Soviet and post-Soviet legacy to the current context of war, displacement and reconstruction. It looks at housing stock, affordability, tenure, rental markets, social housing, finance, planning, energy efficiency and building management. It argues that Ukraine’s housing recovery needs to go beyond repairing damaged homes to address the deeper structural weaknesses of the housing system and build a more affordable, resilient and sustainable model for the future.