The second volume is more technical in nature but the basic concepts can still be used for policy makers. The advanced concepts are written primarily for chief executive officers, finance managers and department heads. The short-term operating budget and long-term capital investment plans, the engines that drive local government, have a central role and there is an added emphasis on the need for citizen input.

The first volume provides decision makers with a basic financial foundation. Financial policies, planning and citizen participation are cross-cutting topics that impact all aspects of local government decision-making. Volume 1 is especially good for policy makers and chief executive officers.

本报告的发现揭示了一个新的城市现实，即亟须制定有益贫民的和性别平等的城市政策和制度。

The Fourth Session of the World Urban Forum held in Nanjing, China from 3-6 November 2008 drew nearly 8,000 participants from 146 countries.

Secondary urban centres vary widely, both in terms of economic base and water service delivery models.

This paper presents an analysis of Official Development Assistance (ODA) flows to the water and sanitation sector, based on data gathered from the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and Creditor Reporting Systems (CRS) databases.

The United Nations World Water Development Report is the flagship publication of UN-Water, the inter-agency mechanism established to coordinate the activities of all United Nations agencies and entities working in the area of freshwater resources.

This is the second UN-HABITAT global report on Water and Sanitation in the World's Cities.

Meeting the challenge of halving the number of people who lack access to safe water and adequate sanitation by 2015 will take a concerted effort and a great deal of determination and commitment.