In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the interplay between urban and rural areas holds profound implications for socio-economic development and environmental sustainability. This publication offers a comprehensive examination of the challenges and opportunities within these linkages, drawing on extensive research and a survey conducted among 53 government officials. It is part of the UN-Habitat project titled “Supporting the implementation of the New Urban Agenda through National and…

This paper analyses case studies and provides evidence-based recommendations on how to prevent or provide durable solutions to displacement in customary contexts through housing, land and property (HLP) rights’ interventions. The cases include voluntary return, local integration and relocation in other locations, and describe measures to prevent internal displacement.

Fragile states typically cannot serve their citizens adequately, and often have weak or authoritarian governments. But local governments and municipalities must still provide services to their residents, and they need revenue to do so. One way to raise revenue is by raising their own revenue through taxes on land and property. This book examines the experiences of UN-Habitat and its partners in setting up or strengthening land-taxation systems in four fragile states: Somalia, Afghanistan,…