In 2018,an estimated 27 percent (13 million) of Kenya’s population lived in cities and towns, of varied sizes, across the country. Towards the year 2050, this share will approach 50 percent of the total country population, which will be an equivalent of 44 million people. Kenya is thus undergoing an urban transition, which will induce structural transformations in social, economic and spatial development aspects. To effectively and efficiently manage this transition, the country must develop the requisite urban planning and management capacities, both at the national and county levels. At the county level, there are various interventions required to attain a fit-for-purpose planning system, which is responsive to local needs and aligns such needs to the national vision for a desirable urban future. However, to formulate the appropriate interventions required [to achieve the desired planning system], it is important to understand the issues confronting the current planning system, as a critical point of departure.

Urban planning is a complex process that requires strong political leadership and commitment, and implementable legal frameworks articulated through a common development vision and social participation. It is exactly in the complexity of this process that UN-Habitat founded its in-house Urban Planning and Design Lab, in order to provide assistance to local, regional and national authorities with urban planning and design. The UN-Habitat´s Lab has been a response to a growing demand from cities, not only providing tools for their urbanization challenges, but also responding to urban planning in general. Within a complex set of actors and technical realities, the Planning Lab finds its existence and application to create, navigate and accelerate the urban strategies and transformative projects for implementation.

The Lab started as a technical team developing concrete planning projects. It has been evolving into a program with a distinct approach and activities at global and local level, developing eventually into the Network of UPD Labs associated directly or indirectly. Its methodology is based on a strong project approach that integrates different sectoral demands and brings stakeholders and citizens together. The design of clear proposals is therefore accelerated and ready for implementation on the short and medium term. After these proposals have been tested and evaluated, the lessons learnt are translated and incorporated to the policies and principles of the Agency, contributing to the implementation of the New Urban Agenda.

This publication aims to present the Lab´s approach towards planning and design, management and implementation, as well as to introduce the trajectory of the UN-Habitat’s Lab through its working years of experience.

The Spatial Development Framework 2040 for Johannesburg is a city-wide spatial policy document developed by the City of Johannesburg in collaboration with The Urban Planning and Design Lab from UN-Habitat, Iyer Urban Design Studio and Urban the Morphology & Complex Systems Institute. The document identifies the main challenges and opportunities in the city, setting a spatial vision for the future city, and outlining a set of strategies that to realize that vision. The core objective of the SDF 2040 is to ‘create a spatially just world class African city’. The SDF 2040 is premised on the notion of spatial transformation, defined through the principles of equity, justice, resilience, sustainability and urban efficiency which this SDF seeks to translate into a development policy. The SDF was develop through a participatory process gathering opinions from a wide range of stakeholders.

The SDF is not a static master plan; rather, it is a dynamic model of strategic planning that will be cyclically reviewed, adjusting the focus and direction based on city.