This publication, presents and innovatiove method to ascertain the extent to which security of tenure can be measeured at three main levels. Targeting cities in developing countries the methodological framework presented in this publication is entrusted, in the concept of continuum of land rights where tenure can be realised at various levels: individual, household, settlement or communitye, city and national levels.

Various options to measure tenure security at each of these levels are presented. You will also find in this publication a review of the experiences of several agencies and individual academeics in measuring tenure security. From these reviews, lessons are drawn and gaps are identified, which then form the basis of the range of methods presented in this report.

UN-HABITAT’s new Cities and Citizens series examines urban inequality in the developing world through in-depth analysis of intercity data developed by UN-HABITAT and its partner institutions and on-the-ground interviews, insights and images. São Paulo: A Tale of Two Cities launches the series, providing a close look at this vast mega city of internal contradictions and complexities.

São Paulo has emerged as the economic powerhouse of Brazil, making huge advances in its socioeconomic and political sectors while remaining beset by inequalities and gaps in distributive justice.