The Fast Track Capacity Building programme implemented by the National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) in Uganda under UN-HABITAT’s ‘Water for African Cities’ programme demonstrates that an integrated programme of training and capacity building, combined with investments in physical infrastructure, offers the best hope of improving institutional capacities to reduce non-revenue water, improve service delivery and increase the sustainability of investments in the long-term. GRAHAM ALABASTER discusses the programme’s success in five towns in Kenya and Tanzania.